Vitiligo is a skin disease that is caused by the loss of melanin cells in the skin . Human skin is composed of special cells called melanocytes, which are present in the basal layer of the skin and whose function is the production of melanin in skin cells. Melanin protects skin cells against the sun’s ultraviolet rays and produce skin pigment cells. The pigment cells in the skin occurs in three different colors (yellow, brown and black), sometimes also observed that due to hyperpigmentation of melanin cells are cells that produce red pigments. The pigment cells are also known as the pigment of the skin and, especially, are present in the skin color of people instead of vitiligo. If the amount of skin pigment cells become less skin cells and changes in the tissue is dehydrated and natural changes color to get white spots and blotches on the skin.
Symptoms include white patches and patches Milkish vitiligo in different areas of the skin, hair changes color (or colors of premature aging), the affected skin and loss of vision of the mucous membranes, attacking the symptoms of the retina eyes.
The disease affects 40 to 50 million people in the world that is 1-2 percent of world population. The likelihood of developing the disease is equal in both male and female sex, age or race of the person he is.
In general, no specific cause of the disease. With a link to the pigmentation (loss of pigment cells), skin, other causes of disease, heredity, lack of nutrients in the skin, personal injury, physical illness, auto-immunity, deficiency of thyroxine gland, diabetes mellitus, mood changes, sunburn or sun exposure, an immune system disorder, wearing dark clothes in the summer, taking too many antibiotics, etc.
The emergence of the first place or white patch can be possible in any area of the skin, but it is found that nearly 12 percent of people have white spots on skin exposed to sunlight.
In the initial phase of the stain of the disease vitiligo is very small in size, but after a while it becomes larger and begins to pieces of skin are very different.
The diagnosis of the disease is very easy due to the appearance of white spots / patches or change the child regions natural skin tone. Surgeons and not hesitating to detect the disease, but to find the causes of the emergence of many medical tests must originate.
Unfortunately, there is no cure for the disease. According to the American Vitiligo Foundation AVRF research, there is no cure for the disease is not yet possible. Treatments such as psychotherapy Vitiligo, photochemotherapy, oral psoralen therapy, topical psoralen therapy, homeopathy, skin transplantation, skin grafting via vesicles using just the patients in the reproductive cells of melanin in the skin, not to cure the disease. The sole purpose of vitiligo treatment is to provide the patient with a single color, or by reproductive cells of melanin in the skin or the complete elimination of pigment cells of the skin.
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